Multi-View Web Interfaces in Augmented Reality

The emergence of augmented reality (AR) is reshaping how people can observe and interact with their physical world and digital content. Virtual instructions provided by see-through AR can greatly enhance the efficiency and accuracy of physical tasks, but the cost of content authoring in previous research calls for more utilization of legacy information in AR. Web information is a great source hosting a wide range of legacy and instructional resources, yet current web browsing experience in AR headsets has not exploited the advantage of 3D immersive space mixing the real and virtual environments. Instead of creating new AR content or transforming from legacy resources, this research investigates how to better present web interfaces in AR headsets, especially in a physical task instruction context. A new approach multi-view AR web interfaces is proposed, which suggests separating web components into multiple panels that can be freely arranged in the user's surrounding 3D space. The separation and arrangement would allow more flexible combination of web content from multiple sources and with other AR applications in the user's field of view. This thesis presents a remote and self-guided elicitation user study with 15 participants that derives layout arrangement preferences of the proposed multi-view interfaces. The study uses a VR system developed to simulate three scenarios of performing real-world tasks instructed by multi-view AR web content involving different types of media. The study analyzes how users arrange such web interfaces, and the system also simulates various physical environments and general AR applications to investigate their impact on the virtual interface arrangement. According to participant survey responses and interface arrangement data, the study identifies patterns in interface layout, grouping relationships between interfaces, physical environment constraints, and relationships between web interfaces and general applications. Then five implementation strategies are suggested based on the design preference findings

An Integrated Approach for Mining Meta-Rules 1

Abstract: An integrated approach of mining association rules and meta-rules based on a hyper-structure is put forward. In this approach, time serial databases are partitioned according to time segments, and the total number of scanning database is only twice. In the first time, a set of 1-frequent itemsets and its projection database are formed at every partition. Then every projected database is scanned to construct a hyper-structure. Through mining the hyper-structure, various rules, for example, global association rules, meta-rules, stable association rules and trend rules etc. can be obtained. Compared with existing algorithms for mining association rule, our approach can mine and obtain more useful rules. Compared with existing algorithms for meta-mining or change mining, our approach has higher efficiency. The experimental results show that our approach is very promising

Research on Non-Contact Voltage Measurement Method Based on Near-End Electric Field Inversion

Aiming at the problems of complex equations, low accuracy, and the strict measurement point layout requirements of the existing electric field integration method, a non-contact measurement method based on the inversion voltage of the near electric field is proposed. Firstly, the field source relationship is clarified, the connection between the spatial electric field and the voltage is derived, and a near-end electric field inversion method is proposed. Secondly, a three-dimensional simulation model of an overhead line is established using COMSOL finite element software, the three-dimensional spatial potential distribution of the overhead line is obtained, and the voltage is inverted and calculated. Finally, an overhead line simulation test platform was built, and MEMS electric field sensors were used for testing and verification. The results show that the maximum error of the three-phase voltage inversion of the proximal electric field measurement is 6.8%, and the error between the voltage obtained by the experimental inversion measurement and the reference voltage is less than 7.2%. The simulation and experimental results also verify the accuracy and feasibility of the inversion voltage of the proximal electric field. The results of this paper can lay a foundation for the practical application of small and miniaturized electric field sensors, and help in the construction and development of smart grids

Frequency Consistent Adaptation for Real World Super Resolution

Recent deep-learning based Super-Resolution (SR) methods have achieved remarkable performance on images with known degradation. However, these methods always fail in real-world scene, since the Low-Resolution (LR) images after the ideal degradation (e.g., bicubic down-sampling) deviate from real source domain. The domain gap between the LR images and the real-world images can be observed clearly on frequency density, which inspires us to explicitly narrow the undesired gap caused by incorrect degradation. From this point of view, we design a novel Frequency Consistent Adaptation (FCA) that ensures the frequency domain consistency when applying existing SR methods to the real scene. We estimate degradation kernels from unsupervised images and generate the corresponding LR images. To provide useful gradient information for kernel estimation, we propose Frequency Density Comparator (FDC) by distinguishing the frequency density of images on different scales. Based on the domain-consistent LR-HR pairs, we train easy-implemented Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) SR models. Extensive experiments show that the proposed FCA improves the performance of the SR model under real-world setting achieving state-of-the-art results with high fidelity and plausible perception, thus providing a novel effective framework for real-world SR application

Optical properties and oxidative potential of water-and alkaline-soluble brown carbon in smoke particles emitted from laboratory simulated biomass burning

Biomass burning (BB) is an important source of brown carbon (BrC) in atmospheric aerosols. The aim of this study is to investigate the light absorbing ability and oxidative potential of BB-derived BrC fractions (including not only the water soluble fraction but the water-insoluble ones). For this purpose, BrC fractions in the smoke particles (PM2.5) generated from burning of crop residues (rice straw, wheat straw, and corn straw) and wood stems (pine wood and Chinese fir) were sequentially extracted and fractionated into water- and alkaline-soluble extracts, and water- and alkaline-soluble humic-like substances (HULISw5 and HULISAS). Their organic carbon (OC) contents, light absorption, and oxidative potential were comparably investigated. The results showed that the OC within water extracts (WSOC) and alkaline extracts (ASOC), and HULISWS and HULISAS accounted for 24.8%-28.5%, 10.7%-15.3%, 12.4%-16.6%, and 2.2%-5.6% of the BB smoke PM2.5 mass, respectively, thereby indicating that BB potentially influenced the atmospheric water-soluble and alkaline-soluble BrC levels. The BrC fractions had similar absorption patterns, but they also exhibited distinct features. BrC SUVA254 decreased in the order of: HULISA.5 (3.68-4.58 m(2)/gC) > HULISWS (2.99-3.72 m(2)/gC) > WSOC (2.54-2.80 m(2)/gC) > ASOC (1.30-2.06 m(2)/gC). BrC MAE365 was in the order of: HULISA5 (1.95-2.40 m(2)/gC) > HULISw5 (1.12-1.60 m(2)/gC) > WSOC (0.86-1.23 m(2)/gC) and ASOC (0.54-0.95 m(2)/gC). These results suggest that the HULLS fractions exhibited high aromaticity and strong light absorption. Moreover, BB extractable fractions exhibited a strong oxidative potential to generate reactive oxygen species, and the dithiothreitol activity followed the order of: water extracts (12.5-20.6 pmol/min/mu g) > alkaline extracts (9.3-16.2 pmol/min/mu m) > HULISWS (6.6-10.7 pmol/min/g) > HULISAS (3.7-7.1 pmol/min/g). The chemical characteristics of the BB BrC fractions also varied among the biomass types, where the crop residue smoke PM2.5 contained more BrC than wood smoke PM2.5, but the water-soluble BrC in the former generally exhibited weaker light absorption than the latter